PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

H.S. CODE

UN NO.

3242

TOXICITY

Oral ra LD50: 6400 mg/kg

SMILES

CLASSIFICATION

Blowing agent

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MELTING POINT

SOLUBILITY IN WATER

REFRACTIVE INDEX

225 C

EXTERNAL LINKS & GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Wikipedia Linking

Material Safety Data Sheet

Google Scholar Search

GENERAL DESCRIPTION:
Azo is the prefix for the group -N=N- or a combining form of azote which share the core azobenzene structure. Azo compounds have a general molecular formula of R-N=N-R', where R is aryl, heteroaryl, -CH=C(OH)- or aliphatic. The extended delocalization of electrons in the benzene and azo groups forms a conjugated system absorbing visible frequencies of light. Aromatic groups provide characteristic colors of red, orange, and yellow. This is the fundamental structure of azo dyes. Aliphatic azo compounds are unstable and the loss of nitrogen gas occurs by the simultaneous cleavage of carbon-nitrogen bonds, resulting in carbon-centered radicals. some aliphatic azo compounds are utilized as radical initiators. Azobisisobutyronitrile is a typical initiator of free radical reactions for the production of polymer (polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol and synthetic fibers) and as a blowing agent for plastics and elastomers.

Azodicarbonamide, releasing nitrogen gas, is a general foaming agent for rubbers and plastics such as PVC, EVA, polyolefin, polystyrene products. (Its temperature of decomposition is 205 - 215 C). Food grade of Azodicarbonamide is used as a flour aging and bleaching ingredient in cereal flours and dough conditioner in baking bread. It reacts with moist flour as an oxidizing agent. Azodicarbonamide acts as a hydrogen acceptor, converting to biurea. The United States allows azodicarbonamide to be added to flour at levels up to 45 ppm. Use of azodicarbonamide as a food additive is banned in Australia and in Europe. The pharma grade of Azodicarbonamide molecule is used as an Anti-HIV agent, Anti-Infective Agent, Anti-Retroviral Agent, Antiviral Agent, Immunologic Factor, Immunosuppressive Agent .

APPEARANCE

ASSAY

97.0% min

ASH

0.2% max

200 C min

210 min (ml/g)

HEAT LOSS

0.3% max

12 - 14 um or 7 - 9um or 6 - 8um

WATER

0.25% max

Blowing agents, also called foaming agents, can be classified as Physical and Chemical Blowing Agents. Physical blowing agents are not under chemical changes during processing. Physical blowing agents are in forms of liquid or compressed gas which will transfer state into gases or low boiling liquid during processing causing resins into cellular structure. Chemical Blowing Agents are mainly solid form of hydrazine derivatives include Azodicarbonamide; p,p'-Oxybis(benzenesulfonyl hydrazide); 5-Phenyltetrazole; p-Toluene sulfonyl semicarbazide; Trihydrazine Triazine; They commonly release gases such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide or ammonia. But ammonia is not desirable as it effects on degrade of resins. There are nonazo blowing agents releasing carbon dioxide such as sodium borohydride.

Blowing Agent Class

• Azo Compounds
• Azodicarbonamide (CAS RN: 123-77-3)
• Hydrazine Compounds
• p-Toluenesulfonylhydrazide (CAS RN: 1576-35-8)
• p,p'-Oxybis (Benzenesulfonylhydrazide) (CAS RN: 80-51-3)
• Benzenesulfonyl Hydrazide (CAS RN: 80-17-1)
• p-Toluenesulfonyl acetone hydrazone
• Carbazides
• p-Toluenesulfonylsemicarbazide (CAS RN: 10396-10-18)
• p,p'-Oxybis (Benzenesulfonylsemicarbazide)
• Tetrazoles
• 5-Phenyltetrazole (CAS RN: 18039-42-4)
• Nitroso Compounds
• N,NĄŻ-Dinitroso-pentamethylenetetramine (CAS RN: 101-25-7)
• Carbonates
• Sodium Bicarbonate (CAS RN: 144-55-8)