1,1-DIMETHOXY-2-PHENYLETHANE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO. 101-48-4

1,1-DIMETHOXY-2-PHENYLETHANE

EINECS NO. 202-945-6
FORMULA C6H5CH2CH(OCH3)2
MOL WT. 166.22

H.S. CODE

2911.00.5000

TOXICITY

 
SYNONYMS alpha-Tolylaldehyde dimethyl acetal; 1,1-Dimethoxy-2-phenylethane;
2,2-Dimethoxy-1-phenylethane; (2,2-Dimethoxyethyl)benzene; Phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal; Rosal; Vertodor; Viridine; Hyscylene P; alpha-Tolyl aldehyde dimethyl acetal;
SMILES c1(CC(OC)OC)ccccc1

CLASSIFICATION

 

EXTRA NOTES

FEMA No. 2876

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE

clear liquid

MELTING POINT

 
BOILING POINT 219 - 221 C
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.00 - 1.01

SOLUBILITY IN WATER

Insoluble

SOLVENT SOLUBILITY

soluble in 2 parts of 70% alcohol

pH  
VAPOR DENSITY  

REFRACTIVE INDEX

1.493 - 1.4975
NFPA RATINGS Health: 1; Flammability: 2; Reactivity: 0
FLASH POINT

83 C

STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATIONS

Ether is any of a number of organic compounds characterized by an oxygen atom joined with single bonds by two carbon atoms that are part of hydrocarbon groups. The general formula is R-O-R', where R and R' are alkyl or aromatic groups. Ethers are formed by the condensation of two alcohols by heating with sulfuric acid; the reaction is one of dehydration. Ethers can be prepared from alkyl halide reacted with metallic alkoxide (called Williamson synthesis). Ethers are similar to alcohols but are generally less dense, less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, which makes them valuable solvents. But ethers will be cleaved at high temperatures by concentrated hydrogen halides. Ethers have relatively low boiling point compare to alkanes as they don't form hydrogen bonds each other. Ethers are more lipophilic than esters [R-C(=O)-O-R']or amides [RCO-NH2]. Ethers are widely used as solvents for various organic reactions because they are relatively the least reactive among common organic compounds except alkanes and fluorocarbons. The common reaction of ethers is cleavage of the C–O bond by strong acids either in linear chain or cyclic structure. Ethers in which oxygen is bonded to primary and secondary alkyl groups can form peroxide compounds in the presence of gaseous oxygen due to two unpaired electrons in oxygen. Ethers can act as Lewis bases in chemical reactions. Commonly, ethers are named simply in listing the alkyl groups in alphabetical order or alkane order such as ethyl methyl ether or methyl ethyl ether, which is methoxyethane in IUPAC nomenclature ( the formula of "alkoxyalkane" ). When ether is a parts of complex molecule or aromatic derivatives, it is described as an alkoxy substituent such as methoxybenzene ( trivial name is anisole). The methoxy prefix indicates the function methyl group joined by single bonds to an oxygen atom, with the general formula  -O-CH3. Cyclic ethers have ring structure where the oxygen has become part of the ring. The term of epoxide indicate three membered cyclic ether (also called oxirane) in which an oxygen atom is joined to each of two carbon atoms that are already bonded to each other; four membered cyclic ether is called oxetane; five membered cyclic ether, furan (or oxolane); six membered cyclic ether, pyran (also called oxane) respectively. Their unhindered oxygen atom carries two unshared pairs of electrons - a structure which favors the formation of coordination complexes and the solvation of cations. Cyclic ethers are used as important solvents, as chemical intermediate and as monomer for ring-opening polymerization. Crown Ether is a macrocyclic polyether whose structure contains hydrogen, carbon and oxygen atoms. Each oxygen atoms are confined between two carbon atoms and exhibits a conformation with a hole (accordingly called "crown").  Anisole is one of the simplest aromatic compound to which ether group is linked. But it is different with aromatic compounds like furan where the oxygen is a part of the ring.  Anisole, C6H5OCH3 (methyl phenyl ether), is a clear liquid that is soluble in ether and alcohol; insoluble in water; boiling point 155 C. Anisole and its derivatives are used as solvents and in perfumery. Anisole can be obtained from anise seed. Anisic acid, p-methoxybenzoic acid, is a part of cresol class antiseptic compounds. It is also used as an insect repellent and ovicide. Anisole, anisic acid, and their derivatives are also widely used in chemical reaction as intermediates to obtain target materials such as dyes, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, photoinitiators and agrochemicals.

Acetals are geminal-diether derivatives of aldehyde by combination of an aldehyde molecule with two alcohol molecules and elimination of water. The formula is  RCH(OR')2, where R and R' are aliphatic or aromatic radicals. If the formula is RCR'(OR")2, it is called ketal derived by a combination of a ketone with two alcohols. The "acetal" also refer to independent structural units in certain biological and commercial polymers. Lower acetals are colorless volatile liquid used as a solvent and in cosmetics but higher acetals are solid. It is soluble in ether and alcohol but slightly soluble in water. It is unstable in acid but stable in base.

Acetal polymers (polyacetals) are tough and hard plastics used as substitutes for metals. Acetal homopolymers are produced by the polymerization of formaldehyde. Acetal copolymers are produced are by the polymerization of formaldehyde with trioxane. In nature the most stable glucose exists as a cyclic hemiacetal and maltose is an acetal made from two glucose units.

Acetal formation is reversible (hydrolyzed back to their starting components by treatment with aqueous acid). In order to achieve effective acetal formation an acid catalyst must be used and the water produced with the acetal must be removed. p-Toluene sulfonic acid is often used as a catalyst in the formation of acetal which water must be removed from the reaction mixture to escape reversible reaction. Water is removed azeotropically by distilation. (Toluene is the solvent). A way to remove water is to use an orthoester as a source of alcohol; water produced along with the acetal product is used up in hydrolysing the orthoester and producing more alcohol to be used in the reaction. Orthoester is a functional group which has three alkoxy groups attached to one carbon atom.

The importance of acetals as carbonyl derivatives lies chiefly in protecting groups for carbonyl groups in organic synthesis as they exhibit stability and lack of reactivity in neutral to strongly basic environments. Acylals, with the general formula R-C(OOCR)2, is an another carbonyl protecting group. It is obtained by the reaction of aldehydes with acetic anhydride. Acetal molecules are used as an intermediate for the production of polymers, vitamins, carotenoid pigments, dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, corrosion inhibitors, fragrances and perfumes.

SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

clear to pale yellow liquid

PURITY

98.0% min
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.00 - 1.01

REFRACTIVE INDEX

1.492 - 1.496
ACID VALUE 5.0 max (mg KOH/g)
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING  
HAZARD CLASS  
UN NO.

 

SAFETY INFORMATION

HAZARD OVERVIEW

Combustible Liquid, Harmful by ingestion. May be harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin.

GHS

 

SIGNAL WORD Warning

PICTOGRAMS

HAZARD STATEMENTS

H302-H315-H319-H335

P STATEMENTS

P261-P305 + P351 + P338

EC DIRECTIVES

 

HAZARD CODES

RISK PHRASES

22-36/37/38

SAFETY PHRASES

26-36

PRICE INFORMATION