ACETONE DIPHENYLAMINE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO.

68412-48-6

 

EINECS NO. 270-192-0
FORMULA C12H11N.C3H6O
MOL WT. 227.31
H.S. CODE 3812.30
TOXICITY Rat LD50 (oral): > 10gm/kg
SYNONYMS Rubber Antioxidant BLE; ADPAL;
2-Propanone, reacted with diphenylamine; Acetone diphenylamine condensation products;

SMILES

N(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1.CC(C)=O

CLASSIFICATION

Rubber Antioxidant

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE Dark brown viscous liquid
MELTING POINT  
BOILING POINT  
SPECIFIC GRAVITY  
SOLUBILITY IN WATER  

SOLVENT SOLUBILITY

 
AUTOIGNITION  
pH  
VAPOR DENSITY  
NFPA RATINGS

 

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 
FLASH POINT  
STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION & EXTERNAL LINKS

Antioxidant is a substance added in small quantities to hydrocarbons which are susceptible to oxidation, such as rubbers, plastics, foods, and oils to inhibit or slow oxidative processes, while being itself oxidized.  Antioxidants work in two different ways. In primary antioxidants (also called free-radical scavengers), antioxidative activity is implemented by the donation of an electron or hydrogen atom to a radical derivative. These antioxidants are usually hindered amines (p-Phenylene diamine, trimethyl dihydroquinolines, alkylated diphenyl amines) or substituted phenolic compounds with one or more bulky functional groups such as a tertiary butyl at 2,6 position commonly. Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is a common example of hindered phenolic antioxidant. The reaction rate, or carbocation stability, in SN1 mechanism is 3° > 2° > 1° > CH3 (no SN1) so, tertiary alkyl moiety exists in lots of phenolic antioxidant compounds. Primary antioxidants are free radical scavengers which combine with peroxy radicals and break autocatalytic cycle. In secondary antioxidants ( also called peroxide decomposers), activity is implemented by the removal of an oxidative catalyst and the consequent prevention of the initiation of oxidation. Examples of peroxide decomposer type of antioxidant are trivalent phosphorous and divalent sulfurcontaining compound such as sulfides, thiodipropionates and organophosphites. Synergistic effect is expected when primary antioxidants are used together with secondary antioxidants as primary antioxidants are not very effective against the degradation by UV oxidation. Sometimes, chelating agents are added to scavenge metal impurities which can initiate decomposition. All four major antioxidants classified by functional moiety include phenols amines, phosphites and thioesters.

http://ksundaram.tripod.com/
...The Primary antioxidants consist mainly of hindered phenols and hindered aromatic amines. They scavenge and destroy the chain propagating peroxy and alkoxy radicals before they can react with the polymer. These materials contain hydrogen atoms that can be easily donated to the chain-propagating peroxy, alkoxy,and hydroxy radicals. The alkoxy and hydroxy radicals are converted to alcohols and water, respectively, which are inert and do not hamper polymer stability. The antioxidant radicals formed are stable and do not abstract more hydrogens from polymer. A typical primary antioxidant of the hindered aromatic amine variety is AO-TMQ (Polymerized 1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline)....
The amine antioxidants are generally more powerful than the hindered phenols. This is due to a cyclic process which the amine antioxidant undergoes in which a nitroxyl radical is regenerated and consumes more radicals. A drawback of the aminic AO¡¯s is that they are oxidized to products which are more discoloring and staining than their hindered phenol counterparts. AO-1010 is exceptional among hindered phenolic AO¡¯s. It has one of the highest molecular weights in its class and is non-staining, nondiscoloring, and effective in non-black, colorable rubber compounds.......

http://www.sciencedirect.com/
Antioxidants can be divided into two broad classes, primary and secondary, depending upon their mode of action. The most broadly used primary antioxidants are hindered phenolics. Phenolic antioxidants have traditionally been based on 2,6-di-
t-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT). This functional moiety has been incorporated into larger molecules affording products with lower volatility or greater polymer compatibility. More recently, molecules have been introduced which vary in steric hindrance about the phenol and also the way in which multiple phenol functional groups are linked to form larger molecules. This has led to structures which have lower colour contribution. Surprisingly, in some cases these molecules have shown higher levels of efficiency relative to other antioxidants with similar phenol/molecular weight ratios. This has included enhanced levels of synergism with secondary antioxidants. An attempt is made to correlate structural features of these molecules to the enhanced performance and/or lower colour.

SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

Dark brown viscous liquid

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

1.06 - 1.12
HEAT LOSS

0.5% max

VISCOSITY 1500 - 3500 cps at 25 C

ASH CONTENT

0.5% max

TRANSPORTATION
PACKING  
HAZARD CLASS

Not Regulated

UN NO.

 

OTHER INFORMATION