2-CYANO-4-NITROANILINE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO. 17420-30-3

2-CYANO-4-NITROANILINE
EINECS NO. 241-446-8
FORMULA NO2C6H3NH2CN
MOL WT. 163.13
H.S. CODE 2926.90
TOXICITY Oral rat LD50: 3884 mg/kg
SYNONYMS 5-Nitroanthranilonitrile;
2-Amino-5-nitrobenzonitrile;
SMILES 1-Chloro-4-nitro-Benzene (100-00-5) + 1,2-Dichloro-4-nitro- Benzene ( 99-54-7 ) ¡æ 2-Chloro-4-nitroaniline ¡æ 2-Cyano-4-nitroaniline
INGREDIENTS

 

CLASSIFICATION

AROMATIC AMINES / NITRO COMPOUNDS / DYES /

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE orange to brown powder
MELTING POINT 200 - 207 C
BOILING POINT

 
SPECIFIC GRAVITY

 
SOLUBILITY IN WATER

 
pH  
VAPOR DENSITY  

AUTOIGNITION

 

NFPA RATINGS

 Health: 1; Flammability: 0; Reactivity: 0

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 
FLASH POINT

 
STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions

APPLICATIONS
The prefix nitro- indicates the presence of NO2- radical, while nitrate refers to any salt or ester of nitric acid or the NO3- anion. Nitroso- is the prefix indicating presence of the group -NO and azo- is for -N=N- group. Some range of  organic compounds containing nitrogen include nitro compounds (RNO2 ), nitroso compounds (RNO), amines (R3N ), amino acids, and natural alkaloids or nucleotides. The nitrogen ion in nitro compounds is trigonally planar with 120° angles. There are two resonance bonds so that the two oxygens are equivalent. Nitro compounds are strongly basic due to electron withdrawing both inductively and mesomerically. Historically, they are abundant in dyes and explosives. Nitro compounds, organic hydrocarbons having one or more NO2 groups bonded via nitrogen to the carbon framework, are versatile intermediate in organic synthesis.
  • Michael addition
  • Reduction
  • Henry Reaction (Nitro-aldol reaction)
  • Nef reaction
  • O-Alkylation
  • Cycloaddition
  • Substitution, Elimination, Conversion reaction
  • Alkylation, Acylation, and Halogenation

One of the most important aromatic amines is aniline; pale brown liquid boiling at 184 C, melting at -6 C. Aniline is obtained commercially from chlorobenzene by heating  with ammonia in the presence of copper catalyst or from a product of coal tar (nitrobenzene) through the reduction reaction. Aniline is the starting material in the dye manufacturing industry and as in the manufacture of others. Aniline is converted into sulfanilic acid which is the parent compound of the sulfa drugs. Aniline is also important in the manufacture of rubber-processing chemicals, antioxidants and varnishes. Nitroaniline is used in the synthesis of dyes, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, rubber and plastic additives, photographic antifogging agents and coccidiostats.

Nitrile is an organic compounds containing cyano group (-C¡ÕN, containing trivalent nitrogen) which is attached to one carbon atom with the general formula RC¡ÕN. Their names are corresponding to carboxylic acids by changing '-ic acid' to '-onitrile', or '-nitrile', whichever preserves a single letter O. Examples are acetonitrile from acetic acid and benzonitrile from benzoic acid. The prefix cyano is used as an alternative naming system to indicate the presence of a nitrile group in a molecule. Sodium cyanide, NaCN; potassium cyanide, KCN; calcium cyanide, Ca(CN)2; and hydrocyanic (or prussic) acid, HCN are examples. Chemically, the simple inorganic cyanides resemble chlorides in many ways. Organic nitriles are used as;

  · Extraction solvent for fatty acids, oils and unsaturated hydrocarbons
  · Solvent for spinning and casting and extractive distillation based on its     selective miscibility with organic compounds.
  · Removing agent of colouring matters and aromatic alcohols
  · Non-aqueous solvent for titrations and for inorganic salts
  · Recrystallization of steroids
  · Parent compound for organic synthesis including ketones and amines
  · Solvent or chemical intermediate in biochemistry (protein sequencing and DNA synthesis)
  · High-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis
  · Catalyst and component of transition-metal complex catalysts
  · Stabilizer for chlorinated solvents
  · Chemical intermediate and solvent for perfumes and pharmaceuticals

Benzonitrile, derived mainly from benzoic acid reaction with lead thiocyanate by heating, is a clear liquid; boils at 191 C. It reacts violently with strong acids to produce toxic hydrogen cyanide. It decomposes on heating producing very toxic fumes, hydrogen cyanide, nitrous oxides.  Benzonitrile is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, dyestuffs and rubber chemicals through the reactions of alkylation, condensation, esterification, hydrolysis, halogenation or nitration. Benzonitrile and its derivatives are used in the manufacture of lacquers, polymers and anhydrous metallic salts as well as intermediates for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other organic chemicals.
SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

 orange to brown powder
PURITY 98.O% min
MOISTURE 1.0% max
MELTING POINT 206 C
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING  
HAZARD CLASS 6.1 (Packing Group: III)
UN NO. 2811
OTHER INFORMATION
Hazard Symbols: XN, Risk Phrases: 20/21, Safety Phrases: 24/25-28A-37-45