THIOPHENE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO.

110-02-1

THIOPHENE
EINECS NO. 203-729-4
FORMULA

C4H4S
MOL WT.

84.14

H.S. CODE

 2934.99

TOXICITY

 
SYNONYMS Divinylene sulfide; Thiacyclopentadiene; Thiole; Thiotetrole;
Thiofuran; Thiofurfuran;
SMILES

 

CLASSIFICATION

  

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE clear liquid
MELTING POINT -38 C
BOILING POINT 83 - 84 C
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.06
SOLUBILITY IN WATER Insoluble
pH  
VAPOR DENSITY  

AUTOIGNITION

 

NFPA RATINGS

 Health: 2; Flammability: 3; Reactivity: 0

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 1.5289
FLASH POINT - 6 C
STABILITY

Stable under ordinary conditions

GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATIONS
Thiophene, also known as thiofuran, is a cyclic compound containing four carbon atoms and one sulfur atom in the ring. Thiophene is an analog to furan and pyrrole where the sulfur atom is replaced by O and NH respectively. Thiophene is a toxic, flammable, and colorless liquid; insoluble in water (soluble in most organic solvents including alcohol and ether); melting at -38 C, boiling at 84 C. Thiophene is the simplest aromatic compound containing sulfur atom and it shares some similar chemical properties with benzene. The lone electron pairs on sulfur in the delocalized pi electron system does not exhibits the properties of thioethers but aromaticity. The sulfur atom is unreactive but the adjacent carbons are susceptible to attack by electrophiles. It is reactive toward sulfonation. In commercial thiophene can be prepared by the reaction of butane and sulfur. Thiophenes are also prepared by the reaction of diketones with Lawesson's reagent. Thiophene and its derivatives exist in petroleum or coal. Thiophene derivatives are also found in natural plant pigments. Biotin, a water-soluble B-complex vitamin, is a reduced thiophene derivative. Thiophene moiety is found in ccphalothin antiboitics. Thiophene is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate. Its derivatives are used in manufacturing dyes, aroma compounds and pharmaceuticals. They are used as monomers to make condensation copolymers. Organic conductive polymers are responsible for the important materials science for the application of polymer electro luminescence.

Due to extended pi-electron cloud overlaps, organometallic molecules or aromatic oligometers such as anthracene exhibit semiconductor properties. Conductive polymers have extended delocalized bonds that creates electrical conductivity when charge carriers generated make positive charges (holes) and negative charges (electrons) move to opposite electrodes. Doping is the intentional impurities in a pure semiconductor to generate charge carriers. The transportation of charges is responsible for fluorescence and electrical energy. These can form well-ordered thin crystalline films. Organic semiconductors have some merits of self radiation, flexibility, light weight, easy fabrication, and low cost. Organic electroluminescence materials have lead to the rapid development of photovoltaic and display devices such as organic solar cells, biosensitizers, OLED(Organic Light Emiting Diode), OTFT(Organic Thin Film Transistor), Wearable Display, and e-Paper. Some examples of organic electroluminescence materials are:

  • Oligomer Electro Luminescence Materials
    • 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum
    • Anthracene
    • Pentacene
    • Penyl substituent cyclopentadiene derivatives
    • Phthaloperinone derivatives
    • Perylene derivatives
    • Rubrene
  • Polymer Electro Luminescence Materials
    • Polyanilines
    • Poly(p-phenylenevinylene)s
    • Poly(thiophene)s
    • Poly(alkylfluorene)s
    • Poly(acetylene)s
SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

 clear liquid

IDENTITY

pass

ASSAY

99.0% min
SPECIFIC GRAVITY

1.06 - 1.065
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING 200kgs in drum
HAZARD CLASS 3 (Packing Group: II)
UN NO. 2414
OTHER INFORMATION
Hazard Symbols: XN F, Risk Phrases: 11-22-36-52/53, Safety Phrases: 16-23B-24-61