PHENTOLAMINE MESYLATE

Catecholamine: a group of naturally occurring sympathomimetic amines that have important physiological functions within the body as neurotransmitters in the central nervous system and hormones in the blood circulation. Catecholamines are biogenic amines considered as sympathomimetic drugs; They are characterized by a catechol group [The ortho (1,2) isomer of dihydroxybenzene] to which is attached an amine group (the aromatic portion of whose molecule is catechol, and the aliphatic portion an amine). The most abundant catecholamines in the body are epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and dopamine. They are derived from the tyrosine, an amino acid (protein building block) that is the precursor of norepinephrine. (The prefix nor- describes normal structure which has no branched chain of carbon atoms. In case of norepinephrine, it has one less methylene group than its homologue, epinephrine.) Catecholamines belong to a broader class of compounds called phenethylamines which contain structurally amino acid, phenylalanine and tyrosine. Phenethylamine is a backbone for the compounds which take roles of alkaloids as well as hormones and neurotransmitters in nature. Amphetamine is the substituted phenethylamine by methyl group at alpha position. It is a synthetic drug used as a diet suppressant and to treat narcolepsy and ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). But amphetamines can produce severe psychological dependence, including cardiac irregularities and gastric disturbances. Chronic use often results in extreme exhaustion and malnutrition. Substituted phenethylamines are:

PHENTOLAMINE MESYLATE
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO.	50-60-2 (Base) 73-05-2 (Hydrochloride) 65-28-1 (Mesylate)
EINECS NO.	200-793-5
FORMULA	C₁₇H₁₉N₃O·CH₃SO₃H
MOL WT.	377.47
H.S. CODE
TOXICITY
SYNONYMS	m-[N-(2-lmidazolin-2-ylmethyl)-p-toluidino] phenol;
2-(N-[m-Hydroxyphenyl]-p-toluidinomethyl)imidazoline;
SMILES
CLASSIFICATION
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE	white to off-white crystalline powder
MELTING POINT	177 - 178 C
BOILING POINT
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
SOLUBILITY IN WATER	Soluble
pH
VAPOR DENSITY
AUTOIGNITION
NFPA RATINGS
REFRACTIVE INDEX
FLASH POINT
STABILITY	Stable under ordinary conditions
APPLICATIONS
Phentolamine is an adrenergic receptor antagonist and peripheral vasodilator. It is used to prevent and treat hypertension due to pheochromocytomain and to control cutaneous necrosis and sloughing when extravasation of norepinephrine. It is chemically described as m-[N-(2-lmidazolin-2-ylmethyl)-p-toluidino] phenol or 2-(N-[m-Hydroxyphenyl]-p- toluidinomethyl) imidazoline. Phentolamine Hydrochloride: the monohydrochloride salt of phentolamine; administered orally. Phentolamine Mesylate: the methanesulfonate salt of phentolamine; a white or off-white crystalline powder; freely soluble in water and in alcohol; slightly soluble in chloroform; melting point 178 C; administered intramuscularly and intravenously.
SALES SPECIFICATION
APPEARANCE	white crystalline powder
IDENTIFICATION	Complies Test A,B
ASSAY	99.0% min
LOSS ON DRYING	1.0% max
RELATED SUBSTANCE	0.5% max
HEAVY METALS	10ppm max
SULFATED ASH	0.1% max
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING
HAZARD CLASS
UN NO.
OTHER INFORMATION
`Hazard Symbols: XI, Risk Phrases:` 36/37/38`, Safety Phrases:`26-36
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF CATECHOLAMINE
Catecholamine: a group of naturally occurring sympathomimetic amines that have important physiological functions within the body as neurotransmitters in the central nervous system and hormones in the blood circulation. Catecholamines are biogenic amines considered as sympathomimetic drugs; They are characterized by a catechol group [The ortho (1,2) isomer of dihydroxybenzene] to which is attached an amine group (the aromatic portion of whose molecule is catechol, and the aliphatic portion an amine). The most abundant catecholamines in the body are epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and dopamine. They are derived from the tyrosine, an amino acid (protein building block) that is the precursor of norepinephrine. (The prefix nor- describes normal structure which has no branched chain of carbon atoms. In case of norepinephrine, it has one less methylene group than its homologue, epinephrine.) Catecholamines belong to a broader class of compounds called phenethylamines which contain structurally amino acid, phenylalanine and tyrosine. Phenethylamine is a backbone for the compounds which take roles of alkaloids as well as hormones and neurotransmitters in nature. Amphetamine is the substituted phenethylamine by methyl group at alpha position. It is a synthetic drug used as a diet suppressant and to treat narcolepsy and ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). But amphetamines can produce severe psychological dependence, including cardiac irregularities and gastric disturbances. Chronic use often results in extreme exhaustion and malnutrition. Substituted phenethylamines are: