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| 4-CHLOROBUTYRIC ACID CHLORIDE | ||
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PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION |
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| CAS NO. | 4635-59-0 |
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| EINECS NO. | 225-059-1 | |
| FORMULA | Cl(CH2)3COCl | |
| MOL WT. | 140.99 | |
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H.S. CODE |
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TOXICITY |
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| SYNONYMS | 4-Chlorobutyryl chloride; Chlorobutanoic acid chloride; | |
| a-Chlorobutyroyl chloride; 4-Chlorobutyroyl chloride; gamma-Chlorobutyryl chloride; 4-Chlorobutyroyl Chloride; | ||
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CLASSIFICATION |
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PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES |
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| PHYSICAL STATE | clear liquid | |
| MELTING POINT | -47 C | |
| BOILING POINT | 173 - 174 C | |
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY | 1.258 | |
| SOLUBILITY IN WATER | hydrolyzes | |
| pH | ||
| VAPOR DENSITY |
4.86 | |
| AUTOIGNITION |
440 C | |
| NFPA RATINGS |
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| REFRACTIVE INDEX |
1.4610-1.4620 | |
| FLASH POINT | 85 C | |
| STABILITY |
Stable under ordinary conditions. | |
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APPLICATIONS |
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| Acid chlorides are used as very reactive intermediates to prepare carboxylic acid derivatives including anhydrides, esters and amides because of the two strong electron withdrawing chlorine and oxygen on the carbonyl compound, and positive charge carbon accordingly. It is easy for a weak nucleophile to attack the carbon. Acid chlorides are also reactive with Gilman reagents to prepare large molecules from small ones by replacing the halides with an organic group. 4-Chlorbutyryl chloride, an acid chlorides with an additional chloride at the terminal carbon, is a clear to yellowish liquid with a pungent odor; melting point -47 C. It hydrolyses with water. It must be protected against moisture, air, light and heat during storage and handling. It is used in the preparation of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, peroxides and other target molecules. | ||
| SALES SPECIFICATION | ||
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APPEARANCE |
clear liquid | |
| ASSAY |
98.0% min |
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| MOISTURE |
0.05% max |
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| COLOR, AHPA |
50
max |
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| TRANSPORTATION | ||
| PACKING | 250kgs in drum | |
| HAZARD CLASS | 6.1 ((Packing Group: I) | |
| UN NO. | 2927 | |
| OTHER INFORMATION | ||
| Hazard Symbols: C, Risk Phrases: 22,34 | ||
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GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ACYL HALIDE |
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| Acyl is a radical formed from an organic acid by removal of a hydroxyl group. The general formula of acyl compound is RCO-. Acyl halide is one of a large group of organic substances containing the halocarbonyl group, have the general formula RCO·X, where X is a halogen atom (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine) and R may be aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic, and H etc. In substitutive chemical nomenclature, their names are formed by adding '-oyl' as a suffix to the name of the parent compound; ethanoyl chloride, CH3COCl, is an example. The terms acyl and aroyl halides refer to aliphatic or aromatic derivatives, respectively. Acyl halides are made by replacing the -OH group in carboxylic acids by halogen using halogenating agents. They react readily with water, alcohols, and amines and are widely used in organic synthetic process whereby the acyl group is incorporated into the target molecules by substitution of addition-elimination sequence called acylation reaction. Acylation reaction involves substitution by an electron donor (nucleophile) at the electrophilic carbonyl group (C=O). Common nucleophiles in the acylation reaction are aliphatic and aromatic alcohols, both of which give rise to esters and amines (RNH2) which give amides. The carboxylic acid (X = OH) itself can function as an acylating agent when it is protonated by a strong acid catalyst as in the direct esterification of an alcohol. Two common acylation agents, with the general formula RCOX, are acid halides (X = halogen atom) and anhydrides (X = OCOR). Schotten-Baumann reaction is an acylation reaction that uses an acid chloride in the presence of dilute alkali to acylate the hydroxyl and amino group of organic compounds. There are also other acylating agents. Acyl halide compounds are used as an intermediate for agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals, dyes, and peroxide compounds as well as textile auxiliaries, emulsifiers. | ||
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