PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
H.S. CODE
TOXICITY
CLASSIFICATION
COUPLING REAGENTS /
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
AUTOIGNITION
NFPA RATINGS
REFRACTIVE INDEX
APPLICATIONS
Carbodiimides are a group of organic compounds which have the resonance formula N=C=N. Carbodiimide is formed by dehydration of urea or from thiourea. Carbodiimides are readily reacts with various form of amines and hydroxyl functional groups. Carbodiimides are used as dehydration agents and as activating agent of carboxylic acids to form esters or amides. The disubstituted carboxyl activating agents are used for crosslinking proteins to nucleic acids and formation of immunoconjugates in peptide synthesis. N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) is one of the most common peptide coupling agents. It is a low melting point waxy solid; insoluble in water but highly soluble in common organic solvents like acetonitrile dichloromethane, dimethylformamide, and tetrahydrofuran. DCC is a potent allergen. N,N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC) is an alternative to DCC, DIC is a liquid and is not an allergen. 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) is a water-soluble activating agent for amide bonding with primary amines. It also activates phosphate groups. Typically, it is utilized in the pH range 4.0-6.0 without buffers. In particular, amine and carboxylate buffers should be avoided. Carbodiimides are so active and cause racemization of the amino acid. Active esters are less reactive and less in danger of racemization. 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) and 1-hydroxy-7-aza-benzotriazole (HOAt) are substances that react with the O-acylurea to form active esters. HOAt is a condensation additive in peptide synthesis. It efficiently speeds up coupling process, reduces the loss of chiral integrity, and provides a visual indication (yellow to colorless) of the reaction course. Other active esters exit as non-nucleophilic anionic salts of uronium or phosphonium such as O-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate(HBTU), O-(7-Azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HATU), (Benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP).
COUPLING REAGENTS
|
Reagents |
CAS RN |
|
3-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazoline-5-one |
89-25-8 |
|
2-Thiazoline-2-thiol |
96-53-7 |
|
Boron trifluoride diethyl etherate |
109-63-7 |
|
N-Bromosuccinimide |
128-08-5 |
|
N-Hydroxyphthalimide |
524-38-9 |
|
1,1'-Carbonyldiimidazole |
530-62-1 |
|
N,N'-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide |
538-75-0 |
|
Isobutyl chloroformate |
543-27-1 |
|
4-Nitrophenyl trifluoroacetate |
658-78-6 |
|
N,N'-Di-tert-butylcarbodiimide |
691-24-7 |
|
N,N'-Di-tert-butylcarbodiimide |
691-24-7 |
|
N,N'-Diisopropylcarbodiimide |
693-13-0 |
|
1,3-Di-p-tolylcarbodiimide |
726-42-1 |
|
2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorophenol |
771-61-9 |
|
2-Bromo-1-ethyl-pyridinium tetrafluoroborate |
878-23-9 |
| 4,5-Dicyanoimidazole | 1122-28-7 |
|
1-tert-Butyl-3-ethylcarbodiimide |
1433-27-8 |
|
N-(1-Naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride |
1465-25-4 |
|
Diphenylphosphinic chloride |
1499-21-4 |
|
N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide |
1892-57-5 |
|
1-(p-Toluenesulfonyl)imidazole |
2232-08-8 |
|
N-Cyclohexyl-N'-(2-morpholinoethyl)carbodiimide metho-p-toluenesulfonate |
2491-17-0 |
| N-Hydroxybenzotriazole |
2592-95-2 |
|
2-Mercaptopyridine |
2637-34-5 |
|
Diethyl cyanophosphonate |
2942-58-7 |
|
4-(4,6-Dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride |
3945-69-5 |
|
2-Ethyl-5-phenylisoxazolium-3'-sulfonate |
4156-16-5 |
|
4-Nitrobenzyl chloroformate |
4457-32-3 |
|
N-Hydroxymaleimide |
4814-74-8 |
|
Bis(4-nitrophenyl) carbonate |
5070-13-3 |
|
N-Hydroxysuccinimide |
6066-82-6 |
|
2,4,6-Triisopropylbenzenesulfonyl chloride |
6553-96-4 |
|
1,3-Dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone |
7226-23-5 |
|
4-Nitrophenyl chloroformate |
7693-46-1 |
|
Lithium perchlorate |
7791-03-9 |
|
Tetrabutylammonium cyanide |
10442-39-4 |
|
Palmitic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester |
14464-31-4 |
|
Trifluoroacetic acid pentafluorophenyl ester |
14533-84-7 |
|
Pentafluorophenyl trifluoroacetate |
14533-84-7 |
|
2-Ethoxy-1-ethoxycarbonyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline |
16357-59-8 |
|
N-Succinimidyl N-methylcarbamate |
18342-66-0 |
|
Oxalic acid diimidazolide |
18637-83-7 |
|
1,1'-Oxalyldiimidazole |
18637-83-7 |
|
8-Quinolinesulfonyl chloride |
18704-37-5 |
|
N-Hydroxy-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid imide |
21715-90-2 |
|
1-(3-(Dimethylamino)propyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide methiodide |
22572-40-3 |
| N-Ethyl-N'-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride | 25952-53-8 |
|
6-Chloro-1-hydroxybenzotriazole |
26198-19-6 |
| Hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,2,3-benzotriazine | 28230-32-2 |
|
3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester |
34071-95-9 |
|
2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolidinium chloride |
37091-73-9 |
|
1-Isobutoxycarbonyl-2-isobutoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline |
38428-14-7 |
|
Phenoxyacetic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester |
38678-58-9 |
|
Acrylic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester |
38862-24-7 |
|
Iodoacetic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester |
39028-27-8 |
|
1-Hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole |
39968-33-7 |
|
1,1'-Carbonyl-di-(1,2,4-triazole) |
41864-22-6 |
|
Bromotris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate |
50296-37-2 |
|
Bromotris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate |
50296-37-2 |
|
Copper(I) trifluoromethanesulfonate toluene complex |
51913-38-3 |
|
4-Hydroxy-2,5-diphenyl-3(2H)-thiophenone 1,1-dioxide |
54714-10-2 |
|
(Benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate |
56602-33-6 |
|
N,N'-Disuccinimidyl oxalate |
57296-03-4 |
|
Di(N-succinimidyl) oxalate |
57296-03-4 |
|
Isopropenyl chloroformate |
57933-83-2 |
|
2-Fluoro-1-methylpyridinium p-toluenesulfonate |
58086-67-2 |
|
Bis(pentafluorophenyl) carbonate |
59483-84-0 |
|
N-(4-Aminobutyl)-N-ethylisoluminol |
66612-29-1 |
|
(+)-Biotin hydrazide |
66640-86-6 |
|
Bis(2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl)phosphinic chloride |
68641-49-6 |
|
Propylphosphonic anhydride |
68957-94-8 |
|
Ethylene glycol-bis(succinic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester) |
70539-42-3 |
|
Bis(pinacolato)diboron |
73183-34-3 |
|
N,N'-Disuccinimidyl carbonate |
74124-79-1 |
|
1-(2-Mesitylenesulfonyl)-3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole |
74257-00-4 |
|
2-Iminobiotin hydrazide hydrochloride |
76939-69-0
|
|
2-Iminobiotin N-hydroxysuccinimide ester hydrobromide |
76939-67-8 |
|
1-(p-Toluenesulfonyl)-3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole |
77451-51-5 |
|
2-Morpholinoethyl isocyanide |
78375-48-1 |
|
1,1'-Carbonyldipyrrolidine |
81759-25-3 |
|
Biotinamidohexanoyl-6-aminohexanoic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester |
89889-52-1 |
|
O-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate |
94790-37-1 |
|
Photobiotin acetate |
96087-38-6 |
|
2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolidinium hexafluorophosphate |
101385-69-7 |
|
2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolidinium hexafluorophosphate |
101385-69-7 |
|
O-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-bis(tetramethylene)uronium hexafluorophosphate |
105379-24-6 |
|
O-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-bis(tetramethylene)uronium hexafluorophosphate |
105379-24-6 |
|
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-O-(N-succinimidyl)uronium tetrafluoroborate |
105832-38-0 |
|
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-O-(N-succinimidyl)uronium tetrafluoroborate |
105832-38-0 |
|
N-Hydroxysulfosuccinimide sodium salt |
106627-54-7 |
|
(+)-Biotinamidohexanoic acid hydrazide |
109276-34-8 |
|
Niobium(III) chloride 1,2-dimethoxyethane complex |
110615-13-9 |
|
Chloro-N,N,N',N'-bis(tetramethylene)formamidinium tetrafluoroborate |
115007-14-2 |
|
Biotin 3-sulfo-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester sodium salt |
119616-38-5 |
|
1-Hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate |
123333-53-9 |
|
O-(5-Norbornene-2,3-dicarboximido)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate |
125700-73-4 |
|
O-(3,4-Dihydro-4-oxo-1,2,3-benzotriazin-3-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate |
125700-69-8 |
|
O-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate |
125700-67-6 |
|
O-(2-Oxo-1(2H)pyridyl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate |
125700-71-2 |
| Benzotriazol-1-yl-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate | 125700-67-6 |
|
(Benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate |
128625-52-5 |
|
Bromotripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate |
132705-51-2 |
|
Chlorotripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate |
133894-48-1 |
|
Chlorodipyrrolidinocarbenium hexafluorophosphate |
135540-11-3 |
|
(Benzotriazol-1-yloxy)dipiperidinocarbenium tetrafluoroborate |
136605-16-8 |
|
O-((Ethoxycarbonyl)cyanomethylenamino)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate |
136849-72-4 |
|
N-Hydroxysuccinimidyl acetoacetate |
139549-71-6 |
|
Biotin disulfide N-hydroxysuccinimide ester |
142439-92-7 |
|
O-(7-Azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate |
148893-10-1 |
|
2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolidinium tetrafluoroborate |
153433-26-2 |
|
Chloro-dipiperidinocarbenium hexafluorophosphate |
161308-40-3 |
|
2-Fluoro-1,3-dimethylimidazolidinium hexafluorophosphate |
164298-27-5 |
|
Fluoro-N,N,N',N'-bis(tetramethylene)formamidinium hexafluorophosphate |
164298-25-3 |
|
Fluoro-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylformamidinium hexafluorophosphate |
164298-23-1 |
|
3-(Diethoxyphosphoryloxy)-1,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-one |
165534-43-0 |
|
O-(1,2-Dihydro-2-oxo-1-pyridyl)-N,N,N',N'-bis(tetramethylene)uronium hexafluorophosphate |
177966-55-1 |
|
(Benzotriazol-1-yloxy)dipiperidinocarbenium hexafluorophosphate |
190849-64-0 |
|
O-Benzotriazol-1-yl-N,N,N',N'-bis(pentamethylene)uronium hexafluorophosphate |
206752-41-2 |
|
Dipyrrolidino(N-succinimidyloxy)carbenium hexafluorophosphate |
207683-26-9 |
|
Chloro-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylformamidinium hexafluorophosphate |
207915-99-9 |
|
S-(1-Oxido-2-pyridyl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylthiuronium hexafluorophosphate |
212333-72-7 |
|
Biotin ethylenediamine hydrobromide |
216299-38-6 |
|
S-(1-Oxido-2-pyridyl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylthiuronium tetrafluoroborate |
255825-38-8 |
|
N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-O-(N-succinimidyl)uronium hexafluorophosphate |
265651-18-1 |
|
O-(6-Chlorobenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate |
330641-16-2 |
|
O-(6-Chlorobenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate |
330645-87-9 |
APPEARANCE
ASSAY