CYANAMIDE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO. 420-04-2

CYANAMIDE
EINECS NO. 206-992-3
FORMULA NHCNH
MOL WT. 40.02

H.S. CODE
TOXICITY Oral rat LD50: 125 mg/kg
SYNONYMS Urea Anhydride; Carbimide; Cyanoamine;
Carbamonitrile; Cyanogen Nitride; Cyanogenamide; Hydrogen cyanamide; n-Cyanoamine; Amidocyanogen; Cyanamid (Dutch); Cianamida (Spanish); Cyanamide (French);
DERIVATION

 

CLASSIFICATION

CYANAMIDES /

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE white crystalline solid
MELTING POINT 45 - 48 C
BOILING POINT  
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.28
SOLUBILITY IN WATER highly soluble

SOLVENT SOLUBILITY

  
pH

 
VAPOR DENSITY  

AUTOIGNITION

 

NFPA RATINGS

 Health: 4; Flammability: 1; Reactivity: 0

REFRACTIVE INDEX

  
FLASH POINT 140 C
STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions. Hygroscopic.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION & APPLICATIONS
Cyanic acid (the isomer of fulminic acid) is an unstable (explosive), poisonous, volatile, clear liquid with the structure of H-O-C≡N (the oxoacid formed from the pseudohalogen cyanide), which is readily converted to cyamelide and fulminic acid. There is another isomeric cyanic acid with the structure of H-N=C=O, called isocyanic acid. Cyanate group (and isocyanate group) can react with itself. Cyanuric acid (also called pyrolithic acid), white monoclinic crystal with the structure of [HOC(NCOH)2N], is the trimer of cyanic acid. The trimer of isocyanic acid is called biuret.
  • Cyanic acid: H-N=C=O or H-O-C≡N
  • Fulminic acid: (H-C=N-O) or H-C≡N-O
  • Isocyanic acid: H-N=C=O
  • Cyanuric acid: HOC(NCOH)2N
  • Biuret: (NH2)CO)2 NH

Cyanic acid hydrolyses to ammonia and carbon dioxide in water.

Cyanamide, the amide of normal cyanic acid, is a white crystals melting at 45 C; readily soluble in water, alcohol and ether. It is prepared commercially by carbide process from carbonate derived from limestone or by the desulphurization of thiourea in the presence of catalyst (mercuric oxide). It is prepared also by the action of ammonia with cyanogen halides. It polymerizes to dicyandiamide when heated over 150 C and to tricyantriamide as well as to melamine. Its metal salt especially calcium cyanamide is an environmentally friendly multi-purpose fertilizer which reacts with water to release ammonia and calcium carbonate to supply nitrogen and lime to plants and soil. The commercial calcium cyanamide contains about 65% calcium cyanamide, which has nitrogen 20 - 24% w/w. It acts also as a defoliant, herbicide, soil insecticide, and weed killer. Its consumption as a fertilizer has been reduced. It is added to pig iron to impart nitrogen and to desulfurize steel. The reactivity of the nitrile functional group in calcium cyanamide makes it as a chief industrial raw material. It is used in the preparation of other products include dicyandiamide, urea, thiourea, and guanidine. It is used in the production of calcium cyanide. Cyanide plays an important role in extracting precious metals.

Dicyandiamide is the dimer. It is an intermediate for melamine which us the basic ingredient of amino plastics and resins. It is used in the production of wide range of organic chemicals including slow and continuous nitrogen release fertilizers; fire proofing agent; epoxy laminates for circuit boards, powder coatings and adhesives; water treatment chemicals; dye fixing, leather and rubber chemicals; explosives; pharmaceuticals. Dicyandiamide is also called cyanoguanidine.

Guanidine, also called carbamidine, is a strongly alkaline and water-soluble compound, NHC(NH2)2 It is formed by the oxidation of guanine in urine as a normal product of protein metabolism in the body. In industry, guanidine, containing nitrogens and N=C double bond, and its modified derivatives are versatile intermediates used in the manufacture of plastics, resins, rubber chemicals, nitroguanidines (explosives), photo chemicals, fungicides, and disinfectant. It has also biotechnological application of protein separation, purification and as a protein denaturant. It can be used as an oxygen scavenger to prevent corrosion damage. It is used as a component of rocket propellants because it produce a large amount of heat when burned.

Members of cyanamide derivative

Product

CAS RN
Guanidine hydrochloride 50-01-1
Chlorohexidine

55-56-1
Biguanide

56-03-1
3-Amino-1,2,4-trazole

61-82-5
Aminoguanidine

79-17-4
Tetramethyl guanidine

80-70-6
Benzoguanamine

91-76-9
1-o-Tolylbiguanide

93-69-6
Cyanodithioimidocarbonic acid

108-04-3
2-Aminopyrimidine

109-12-6
Dodecyl guanidine

112-65-2
Guanidine

113-00-8
Disodium cyanodithioimidocarbonate

138-93-2
Cyanamide

420-04-2
Dicyandiamide

461-58-5
Butylbiguanide

692-13-7
Guanidinium sulfate 1184-68-5
2-Amino-4-methoxy-6methyl-1,3,5-trazine

1668-54-8
Pimagedine hydrochloride

1937-19-5
Phenylguanidine

2002-16-6
Guanylthiourea

2114-02-5
Cyprex

2439-10-3
O-Methylisourea

2440-60-0
Aminoguanidine bicarbonate

2582-30-1
3-Amino-5-carboxy-1,2,4-triazole

3641-13-2
Chlorhexidine hydrochloride

3697-42-5
5-Amono-1H-tetrazole

4418-61-5
1-o-Tolylbiguanide monohydrochloride

4751-99-9
N-Cyanoacetoimidate

5652-84-6
Dodecylguanidine hydrochloride

13590-97-1
Carbazamidine hydrochloride

16139-18-7
3-Amino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole

16691-43-3
Cyanoimidocarbonic acid dimethylester

24771-25-3
2-Amino-4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidine

36315-01-2
Guanidine sulfamate

50979-18-5
Bis(2-methylisouronium) sulfate 52328-05-9
2-Methylisouronium acetate

77164-02-4
SALES SPECIFICATION

50% SOLUTION

APPEARANCE

 yellow to green liquid

CONTENT

49 - 50%

pH

4 - 6
SPECIFIC GRAVITY

1.07 - 1.08

SOLID

APPEARANCE

white crystals

PURITY

99.5% min

MOISTURE

0.5% max

METHANOL

0.5% max

TRANSPORTATION
PACKING 200kgs in drum
HAZARD CLASS  
UN NO.  
OTHER INFORMATION
Hazard Symbols: T, Risk Phrases: 21-25-36/3843, Safety Phrases: 3-22-36/37-45