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Paraffin
(or called kerosine) is a mixture of hydrocarbons;
it usually consists of about 10 different hydrocarbons,
each containing from 10 to 16 carbon atoms per molecule;
the constituents include n-dodecane, alkyl benzenes,
and naphthalene and its derivatives. Kerosine is
less volatile than gasoline; it boils between about
140 and 320 C and have a relative density of 0.78
- 0.83. It is obtained from crude oil by distillation
and is used as a fuel for heating and aircraft.
Paraffins can be arranged either in straight chains
(normal paraffins) or branched chains (isoparaffins).
Most of the paraffin compounds in naturally occurring
crude oils are normal paraffins, while isoparaffins
are frequently produced in refinery processes. The
normal paraffins are uniquely poor as motor fuels,
while isoparaffins have good engine-combustion characteristics.
Longer-chain paraffins are major constituents of
waxes. Normal-Paraffins are produced from select
kerosene and/or gasoil, feedstocks using molecular
sieves extraction. After appropriate purification
treatment of desulfurization, dearomatization, the
n-paraffin stream is passed into the fractionation
unit, then the desired carbon cuts are obtained.
Normal paraffins are used as a solvent; a basic
material in the manufacture of surfactants; in the
manufacture of metalworking compounds, lube oil
components, plasticizers and chloroparaffins; production
of oils for aluminum cold rolling; catalyst carrier
for olefin polimerization; raw materials for a wide
range of applications.
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