PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
H.S. CODE
TOXICITY
U$6,000. - for 100gr
CLASSIFICATION
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
REFRACTIVE INDEX
NFPA RATINGS
AUTOIGNITION
FLASH POINT
GENERAL DESCRIPTION & APPLICATIONS
Properties
Streptozotocin
is a mixture of α- and β-stereoisomers. It occurs as pale yellow
or off-white crystals, powder, or platelets, while the research
grade may be an off-white to tan solid. It is very soluble in water,
ketones, and lower alcohols, slightly soluble in polar organic solvents,
and insoluble in nonpolar organic solvents. The pure compound is
sensitive to humidity and light. Streptozotocin decomposes to diazomethane
in alkaline solutions at 0°C. When heated to decomposition,
it emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides (IARC 1978, HSDB 2001).
Use
Streptozotocin
is primarily used in the treatment of metastasizing pancreatic islet
cell tumors. It is also effective in treating malignant carcinoid
tumors. It has been investigated for use in diabetes, since it has
a specific toxic action on pancreatic β-cells. Streptozotocin has
also been investigated as a potential antibacterial agent, but has
never been used commercially for this purpose (IARC 1978).
Production
Streptozotocin
is derived from the soil microorganism Streptomyces achromogenes
and has also been synthesized by three different procedures (IARC
1978). Chem Sources (2001) identified 12 current U.S. suppliers
for streptozotocin. The USITC identified two domestic manufacturers
of streptozotocin in 1987 and 1988, but no production volumes were
reported (USITC 1988, 1989). Prior to 1983, there were two producers
of streptozotocin identified by the USITC (USITC 1983). In 1979,
U.S. production of streptozotocin was probably greater than 2000
lb (908 kg) (HSDB 2001). No current data on imports or exports of
streptozotocin were found.
Exposure
Health
professionals such as pharmacists, doctors, and nurses may be exposed
to streptozotocin while dispensing, preparing, or administering
pharmaceuticals. Potential occupational exposure may occur during
streptozotocin production and during the formulation of pharmaceuticals.
However, this exposure is site-limited. The National Occupational
Exposure Survey (1981-1983) indicated that 2,074 workers, including
1,714 women, potentially were exposed to streptozotocin. This estimate
was derived from observations of the actual use of the compound
(30% of total observations) and the use of trade name products known
to contain the compound (70%) (NIOSH 1984).
Regulations
EPA
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability
Act
Reportable Quantity (RQ) = 1 lb
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Listed
Hazardous Waste: Waste codes in which listing is based wholly or
partly on substance - U206
Listed as
a Hazardous Constituent of Waste
FDA
Streptozotocin is a prescription
drug subject to labeling and other requirements
APPEARANCE
IDENTIFICATION
pass test A,B,C (UV Absorption, IR Spectrum, HPLC)
ASSAY
98.5% - 101.50%
MELTING POINT
0.5% max
alpha ISOMER
75.0% min
HEAVY METALS
20ppm max
RELATED SUBSTANCE
Individual
Impurity: 0.5% max
Total Impurity: 1.0% max
0.1% max
U$3,200.- (50g)