| CAS
NO. |
97-59-6 |
|
| EINECS NO. |
202-592-8 |
| FORMULA |
C4H6N4O3 |
| MOL
WT. |
158.12 |
|
H.S.
CODE
|
|
|
TOXICITY
|
|
| SYNONYMS |
5-Ureidohydantoin;
Glyoxyldiureide; Alantan; Alloxantin; |
|
Ureidohydantoin; Hemocane; Paxyl; Allantol; Cordianine;
Glyoxyldiureid; Hydantoin, 5-ureido-;
2,5-Dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl-urea; |
| DERIVATION |
Oxidation
of Uric acid
|
|
CLASSIFICATION
|
|
|
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
|
| PHYSICAL
STATE |
white powder |
| MELTING POINT |
230
C |
| BOILING
POINT |
|
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY |
|
| SOLUBILITY
IN WATER |
0.5%
at 25 C (freely disolve in alkalis)
|
| pH |
4
- 6 (0.5% Sol.) |
| VAPOR DENSITY |
|
| AUTOIGNITION |
|
| NFPA RATINGS |
|
| REFRACTIVE
INDEX
|
|
| FLASH
POINT |
|
| STABILITY |
Stable
under ordinary conditions |
|
GENERAL
DESCRIPTION & APPLICATIONS
|
Allantoin, the
diureide of glyoxylic acid, is a crystallizable oxidation product of uric acid
found in allantoic and amniotic fluids, in fetal urine and in many plants.
(Ureide is a compound derived from urea and contains acid radicles. Those from
one molecule of urea, as alloxan, are monoureides; those derived from two, as
uric acid, are diureides). Allantoin is an urinary excretion product of purine
metabolism in most mammals but not in higher apes including humans. It is
produced synthetically by the oxidation of uric acid. Allantoin is active in
skin-softening (keratolytic effect) and rapid cell regeneration by precipitating
proteins on skin. It is used as an abrasive and astringent agent in the end
products include cosmetic lotions, creams, suntan products, scalp preparations,
shampoos , lipsticks and and various aerosol preparations. It is used in topical
pharmaceutical preparations. Allantoin has been used in various oral hygeine
preparations such as toothpaste and mouthwash as well as in eye drops to treat
watering eyes and in ear drops to clean the ear canal. Alloxan
is an oxidized product of uric acid by nitric acid. When administered to experimental animals,
it produces selective destruction of the beta
cells of the pancreas, causing hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis. Alloxan,
a strong oxidizing
agent, and its reduced product dialuric acid form alloxantin (a hemiacetal)
which is used as a raw material to produce ammonium purpurate dye,
murexide (C8H5N5O6·NH3)
with heating at 100 C in ammonia gas. Murexide is used as a
complexometric titration indicator and as a colorimetric reagent for measurement of calcium and
rare earth metals.
|
Product
|
CAS
RN.
|
| Alloxan |
50-71-5 |
| Alloxantin |
76-24-4 |
| Violuric acid |
87-39-8 |
| Alloxanic acid |
470-44-0 |
| Violuric acid
monosodium salt
|
825-29-6
|
| Alloxan
monohydrate |
2244-11-3 |
| Oxypurinol |
2465-59-0 |
| 1,3-Dimethylalloxan |
2757-85-9 |
| 2,4,5,6(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinetetrone hydrate |
3237-50-1 |
| Alloxanthin |
28380-31-6 |
|
5-((4-Methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)hydrazone) alloxan |
31353-87-4 |
| 1-Phenylvioluric acid |
82628-28-2 |
|
| SALES
SPECIFICATION |
|
APPEARANCE
|
white crystalline
powder |
|
ASSAY
|
98.0
- 102% |
|
MELTING
POINT
|
255
C min
|
|
HEAVY METALS |
10ppm
max |
|
IRON
|
10ppm
max
|
|
ARSENIC
|
3ppm
max
|
|
UREA
|
0.5%
max
|
|
GLYOXYLIC
ACID
|
0.5%
max
|
|
SULFATED
ASH
|
0.1%
max
|
|
LOSS ON DRYING |
0.1%
max |
| TRANSPORTATION |
| PACKING |
25kgs
in fiber drum |
| HAZARD CLASS |
|
| UN
NO. |
|
| GENERAL
INFORMATION OF GLYOXYLIC ACID |
|
Glyoxylic acid is the smallest alpha-keto acid which has a ketone group on the
carbon atom next to the acid group. If the ketone group is on the second carbon
next to the acid group, it is called beta-keto acid. Glyoxylic acid has dual
functional compound with both carboxylic acid and aldehyde. One more example of
small mole weight alpha-keto acid is pyruvic acid which has methyl branch. Glyoxylic acid is present in the body as the primary precursor of oxalic acid
and as an intermediate in the conversion of glycolic acid to glycine. The
metabolic pathway to convert fat to carbohydrateby in certain microorganisms and
plants is called glyoxylate cycle. Glyoxylates, any salt, anion, or ester of
glyoxylic acid, are important in biochemical research.
Pure
glyoxylic acid is a liquid with melting point of -93
C and boiling Point of
111 C. Glyoxylic acid is formed in commerce by oxidation reaction of glycolic acid or by ozonolysis
(oxidaton) and reduction of maleic acid. Ozonolysis which uses ozone is to
cleave the alkene bonds. An example of ozonolysis in commerce is the
production of odd carbon number carboxylic acids such as azelaic acid and
pelargonic acid and simple carboxylic acids such as formic acid and oxalic acid.
Allantoin, active in skin-softening (keratolytic effect) and rapid cell regeneration by
precipitating proteins on skin is the
diureide of glyoxylic acid. In industrial field, it
is used as a basic chemical for the synthesis of other chemical products of
acids, esters, cyclic compounds. Applications filed includes aroma compounds,
agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and polymers.
|