| CAS
NO. |
96-48-0
|
|
| EINECS NO. |
202-509-5 |
| FORMULA |
C4H6O2 |
| MOL
WT. |
86.09
|
|
H.S.
CODE
|
2932.29 |
|
TOXICITY
|
Oral
rat LD50: 1580 mg/kg |
| SYNONYMS |
4-Hydroxybutyric Acid Lactone; 4-Butanolide; |
| 1,4-Butanolide; Butyric Acid Lactone; Butyrolactone; 4-Butyrolactone;
Tetrahydro-2-Furanone Dihydro-2(3H)-Furanone;
Hydroxybutanoic Acid Lactone; butyrylactone; butyrl lactone;
dihydro-2(3H)-furanone; 4-deoxytetronic acid;
4-hydroxybutyric acid, gamma-lactone; gamma-hydroxybutyric acid cyclic ester;
gamma-hydroxybutyric acid lactone; tetrahydro-2-furanone; 1,4-Lactone;
sigma-Butyrolactone; |
| DERIVATION |
Butanediol
|
|
CLASSIFICATION
|
|
|
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
|
| PHYSICAL
STATE |
clear
liquid, mild odor |
| MELTING POINT |
-43
C |
| BOILING
POINT |
206
C |
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY |
1.125-1.130 |
| SOLUBILITY
IN WATER |
Miscible |
| pH |
|
| VAPOR DENSITY |
3.0 |
| AUTOIGNITION |
455
C |
|
REFRACTIVE
INDEX
|
1.436-1.437 |
| NFPA RATINGS |
Health: 0; Flammability: 1; Reactivity: 0 |
| FLASH
POINT |
98
C
|
| STABILITY |
Stable
under ordinary conditions |
|
APPLICATIONS
|
|
Gamma-Butyrolactone is an intermediate for the manufacture of butyric acid
compounds and pyrrolidones used as a plasticizer, solvent for polymers,
nylon precursor and in insecticides. GBL is used as a solvent
for surface treatment for textiles and metal coated plastics;
polymers (ABS, PVC, polyvinylcarbazole, PS, nylons and
cellulose acetate ); paint remover; petroleum industry for natural gas, acetylene, paraffins, and naphthene
separations; viscosity modifier and curing agent for polyurethanes. GBL is also used in photochemical etching and vitamin and pharmaceutical
preparations.
|
| SALES
SPECIFICATION |
|
APPEARANCE
|
clear
liquid |
|
ASSAY |
99.5%
min
|
|
COLOR,
HAZEN
|
10
max
|
|
MOISTURE
|
0.2%
max
|
| TRANSPORTATION |
| PACKING |
200kgs
in drum |
| HAZARD CLASS |
|
| UN
NO. |
|
| OTHER
INFORMATION |
|
Hazard
Symbols: XN, Risk Phrases: 40, Safety
Phrases: 26/39 |
|
GENERAL
DESCRIPTION OF LACTONE
|
|
Lactone is an internal cyclic monoester (anhydride) derived from the hydroxyl
and carboxyl radicals of gamma or delta hydroxy acids by the removal of a H2O between a carboxyl and a hydroxyl group in the same molecule;
gamma-hydroxybutyric acid forms gamma-butyrolactone and delta-hydroxydecanoic
acid forms delta-decalactone spontaneously. In result, prefixes describe the ring size: beta- is
for 4-membered ring), gamma-
, 5-membered, and delta-, 6-membered ring. Lactam (a cyclic amide) is the
nitrogen analog of lactone. Gamma-aminobutyric acid forms gamma-butyrolactam
(also called 2-pyrrolidinone). Lactim is the tautomeric enol form of lactam. Lactam structure,
a heteroatomic cyclic amide compound, is an important part in
antibiotics such as penicillin.
These structures, cyclic esters and analogues, are active nucleuses in
pharmacological activity and flavorings. Their good solvency properties also
useful in industrial application. Lactams have big demand
in artificial fibre industry. They are polymerizable
and used as nylon precursors.
|