DIETHYLENEGLYCOL METHYL ETHER (GLYCOL ETHER DM)

DIETHYLENEGLYCOL METHYL ETHER

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO.

111-77-3

DIETHYLENEGLYCOL METHYL ETHER

EINECS NO.

203-906-6

FORMULA

CH₃O(CH₂)O(CH₂)₂OH

MOL WT.

120.15

H.S. CODE

2909.44

TOXICITY

Oral rat LD50: 4000 mg/kg

SYNONYMS

Diethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether; Methyl Digol;

Diglycol Monomethyl Ether; Ethylene Diglycol Monomethyl Ether; Glycol Ether DM; 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol; Beta-methoxy-beta'-hydroxydiethyl Ether; 2,2'-oxybisethanol Monomethyl Ether; Methoxydiglycol; Dowanol DM; Methyl Dioxitol; 3,6-dioxa-1-heptanol; Methoxyethoxyethanol; 2-beta-methyl Carbitol; 3,6-dioxaheptan-1-ol;

DERIVATION

ethylene oxide with methanol

CLASSIFICATION

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE

Clear liquid

MELTING POINT

-70 C

BOILING POINT

193 C

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

1.025

SOLUBILITY IN WATER

miscible

VAPOR DENSITY

4.1

AUTOIGNITION

215 C

NFPA RATINGS

Health: 1 Flammability: 1 Reactivity: 0

REFRACTIVE INDEX

1.4260

FLASH POINT

83 C

STABILITY

Stable under ordinary conditions

APPLICATIONS

Glycol: any of a class of organic chemicals characterized by having separate two hydroxyl (-OH) groups, contribute to high water solubility, hygroscopicity and reactivity with many organic compounds, on usually linear and aliphatic carbon chain. The general formula is C_nH_2n(OH)₂ or (CH₂)_n(OH)₂. The wider meaning names include diols, dihydric alcohols, and dihydroxy alcohols. Polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols are sometimes called polyglycols which are derived by polymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide respectively. Polyethylene glycols are water-soluble at all molecular weights, but polypropylene glycols become increasingly less water-soluble at high molecular weights. Ethylene glycol, HOCH₂CH₂OH, is the simplest member of the glycol family. Mono-, di- and triethylene glycols are the first three members of a homologous series of dihydroxy alcohols. They are colourless, essentially odourless stable liquids with low viscosities and high boiling points. Ethylene glycol is a colourless, odourless, involatile and hygroscopic liquid with a sweet taste. It is somewhat viscous liquid; miscible with water; boiling point 198 C, melting point 13 C; soluble in ethanol, acetone, acetic acid, glycerine, pyridine, aldehydes; slightly soluble in ether; insoluble in oil, fat, hydrocarbones. It is prepared commercially by oxidation of ethylene at high temperature in the presence of silver oxide catalyst, followed by hydration of ethylene oxide to yield mono-, with di-, tri-, and tetraethylene glycols as co-products. The yields of ethylene glycol are depend on pH conditions. The acid-catalyzed condition in the presence of excess water provides the highest yield of monoethylene glycol. Because of its low freezing point, involatility and low corrosive activity, it is widely used in mixtures of automobile antifreeze and engine-cooling liquids. Ethylene glycol has become increasingly important in the plastics industry for the manufacture of polyester fibers and resins, including polyethylene terephthalate, which is used to make plastic bottles for soft drinks (PET bottles). MEG is the raw material in the production of polyester fiber, PET resins, alkyd, and unsaturated polyester. Diethylene glycol, CH₂OHCH₂OCH₂CH₂OH, is similar in properties to MEG, but with a higher boiling point, viscosity, and specific gravity. Diethylene glycol is used in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins, polyurethanes and plasticizers. It is a water-soluble liquid; boiling point 245 C; soluble in many organic solvents. It is used as a humectant in the tobacco industry and in the treatment of corks, glue, paper and cellophane. Diethylene glycol (DEG) is derived as a co-product with ethylene glycol and triethylene glycol. The industry generally operates to maximize MEG production. Ethylene glycol is by far the largest volume of the glycol products in a variety of applications. Availability of DEG will depend on demand for derivatives of the primary product, ethylene glycol, rather than on DEG market requirements. Triethylene glycol, HO(C₂H₄O)₃H, is a colourless, odourless, non-volatile, and hygroscopic liquid. It is characterised by two hydroxyl groups along with two ether linkages, which contribute to its high water solubility, hygroscopicity, solvent properties and reactivity with many organic compounds. DEG is used in the synthesis of morpholine and 1,4-dioxane. TEG is displacing diethylene glycol in many of these applications on account of its lower toxicity. TEG finds use as a vinyl plasticizer, as an intermediate in the manufacture of polyester resins and polyols, and as a solvent in many miscellaneous applications. Triethylene glycol (TEG) is derived as a coproduct in the manufacture of ethylene glycol from ethylene oxide, and from "on-purpose" TEG production using diethylene glycol. Some capacities are based on total capacity for ethylene glycols. The main uses for TEG depend upon its hygroscopic properties. Air conditioning systems use TEG as dehumidifiers and, when volatilized, as an air disinfectant for bacteria and virus control. Glycols, having high boiling point and affinity for water, are employed as liquid desiccant for the dehydration of natural gas. The dehydration means the removal of water vapor in refinery tower so that dry hydrocarbon gases can exit from the top of the tower. There are wide range of glycol ethers which have bifunctional nature of ether and alcohol. cellosolves are monoether derivatives of ethylene glycol. They are excellent solvents, having solvent properties of both ethers and alcohols. Glycol family products are versatile compounds used in the fields include;

Anti-freezing and anti-icing additive
Intermediate in polymer production and chemical reaction
Solvent or plasticizer for plastic, lacquer, paint and varnish
Hydraulic, brake, thermal exchange fluids and fuel additive
Humidifying and plasticizing
Dehydrating
Coupling printing inks
Textile conditioning
Solvent for dyes in textile and leather finishing
Agricultural formulation
General purpose cleaners
Explosives manufacture
Electrolytic component
Humectant
Water-based coating
Preservative, rust remover, and disinfectant

Glycol ethers, with the combination of ether, alcohol and hydrocarbon chain in one molecule, provide versatile solvency characteristics with both polar and non-polar properties. The chemical structure of long hydrocarbon chain resist to solubility in water, while ether or alcohol groups introduce the promoted hydrophilic solubility performance. This surfactant-like structure provides the compatibility between water and a number of organic solvents, and the ability to couple unlike phases. Glycol ethers are characterized by their wide range of hydrophilic/hydrophobic balances. glycol ethers are used as diluents and levelling agents in the manufacture of paints and baking finishes. Glycol ether series are used in the manufacture of nitrocellulose and combination lacquers. They are used as an additive in brake fluid. They are formulated for dying textiles and leathers and for insecticides and herbicides. They provides performance in cleaners products with oil-water dispersions. They are used in printing industries as they have a slow evaporation rate. They are used as a fixative for perfumes, germicides, bactericides, insect repellents and antiseptic. They are used as an additive for jet fuel to prevent ice buildup. Thje term of cellosolve refers to ethylene glycol monoethyl ether or a group of glycol ether solvent as below.

Glycol ether	Cellosolve	CAS RN
Tris(ethylene glycol monobutyl ether) phosphate	Tributyl cellosolve phosphate	78-51-3
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acrylate	Cellosolve acrylate	106-74-1
Ethylene glycol isopropyl ether	Isopropyl cellosolve	109-59-1
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether	Methyl cellosolve	109-86-4
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate	Methyl cellosolve acetate	110-49-6
Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether	Dimethyl cellosolve	110-71-4
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether	Cellosolve	110-80-5
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether oleate	Methyl cellosolve oleate	111-10-4
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate	Ethyl cellosolve acetate	111-15-9
Ethylene glycol monoallyl ether	Allyl cellosolve	111-45-5
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether	Butyl cellosolve	111-76-2
Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether	Carbitol cellosolve	111-90-0
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate	Butyl cellosolve acetate	112-07-2
Ethylene glycol monohexyl ether	Hexyl cellosolve	112-25-4
Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether	Butyl carbitol	112-34-5
Ethylene glycol dibutyl ether	Dibutyl cellosolve	112-48-1
Bis(ethylene glycol monomethyl ether) phthalate	Dimethyl cellosolve phthalate	117-82-8
Bis(ethylene glycol monobutyl ether) phthalate	Dibutyl cellosolve phthalate	117-83-9
Ethylene glycol o,p-Dichlorophenyl ether	2,4-Dichlorophenyl cellosolve	120-67-2
Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether	Phenyl cellosolve	122-99-6
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetylricinoleate	Methyl cellosolve acetylricinoleate	140-05-6
Bis(ethylene glycol monobutyl ether) adipate	Dibutyl cellosolve adipate	141-18-4
Ethylene glycol monobenzyl ether	Benzyl cellosolve	622-08-2
Ethylene glycol diethyl ether	Diethyl cellosolve	629-14-1
Ethylene glycol monopropyl ether	Propyl cellosolve	2807-30-9
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate	Methyl cellosolve acrylate	3121-61-7
Ethylene glycol butyl ethyl ether	Butyl ethyl cellosolve	4413-13-2
Ethylene glycol monoisobutyl ether	Isobutyl cellosolve	4439-24-1
Ethyleneglycol 2-ethylbutyl ether	Ethylbutyl cellosolve	4468-93-3
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acrylate	Butyl cellosolve acrylate	7251-90-3
Ethylene glycol monoheptyl ether	Heptyl cellosolve	7409-44-1
Ethylene glycol monomethylpentyl ether	2-Methylpentyl cellosolve	10137-96-9
Ethylene glycol o,p-Dichlorophenyl methyl ether	2,4-Dichlorophenyl methyl cellosolve	10140-84-8
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether phosphate	Butyl cellosolve phosphate	14260-98-1
Poly(cellosolve silicate)	Poly(cellosolve silicate)	37338-04-8
Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether acrylate	Phenyl cellosolve acrylate	48145-04-6
Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether oleate	Cellosolve oleate	68134-05-4
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether sebacate	Butyl cellosolve sebacate	68186-66-3
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether phosphate potassium salt	Butyl cellosolve, phosphate potassium salt	68389-63-9
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether polyphosphate	Butyl cellosolve polyphosphate	68514-82-9
Ethylene glycol monohexyl ether phosphate	Hexyl cellosolve phosphate	68814-14-2

The term of glyme refers to glycol dimethyl ether. Monoglyme, diglyme, triglyme are ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and triethylene glycol dimethyl ether respectively. Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether is readily soluble in water. Glymes, dimethyl ethers, have two terminal methyl groups which offer stability and high solvency. They are used as a higher boiling alternative to diethyl ether or THF. Glyme forms chelate and are useful as bidentate ligands. They are useful as solubilizers and phase transfer catalysts. Glymes offer the property required as an inert reaction medium chemical reaction due to their low chemical reactivity. They are suitable particularly for organometallic and polymerization reactions. Glycol ethers which contain hydroxyl group are also useful chemical intermediate. The hydroxyl group will undergo reaction with aldehydes (or ketones) to produce hemiacetals (or acetals), with epoxides to produce polyether alcohols, with halogenating agents to produce alkoxy alkyl halides, with carboxylic acid compounds or inorganic acids to produce a number of esters.

Glycol dimethyl ether	Glyme	CAS RN
Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether	Monoglyme	110-71-4
Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether	Diglyme	111-96-6
Diethylene glycol diethyl ether	Ethyl diglyme	112-36-7
Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether	Triglyme	112-49-2
Diethylene glycol dibutyl ether	Butyl Diglyme	112-73-2
Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether	Tetraglyme	143-24-8
Ethylene glycol diethyl ether	Ethyl monoglyme	629-14-1
Polyethylene glycol dibutyl ether	Polyglycol BB	31885-97-9
Dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether	Proglyme	111109-77-4

SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

Clear liquid

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

1.021 - 1.026

DISTILLATION IBP

190 C min

DISTILLATION DP

198 C max

COLOR, APHA

10 max

ACIDITY

0.01 max

TRANSPORTATION

PACKING

200kgs in drum

HAZARD CLASS

Not regulated

UN NO.

REMARKS