UREA

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO.

57-13-6

UREA
EINECS NO. 200-315-5
FORMULA

H2NCONH2 
MOL WT.

60.06

H.S. CODE

 3102.10
TOXICITY Oral rat LD50: 8471 mg/kg
SYNONYMS Alphadrate; Amide of carbonic acid; Carbamimidic acid;
Carbamide resin; Carbamimidic acid; Carbonyl diamide; Carbonyldiamine; Isourea;
DERIVATION Ammonia, Carbon Dioxide

CLASSIFICATION

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

UREA (also called CARBAMIDE) is the diamide of carbonic acid. It is a colourless, crystalline substance that melts at 132.7º C and decomposes before boiling. Urea has important uses as a fertilizer and feed supplement, as well as a starting material for the manufacture of plastics and drugs. Urea is prepared commercially in vast amounts from liquid ammonia and liquid carbon dioxide. These two materials are combined under high pressures and elevated temperatures to form ammonium carbamate, which then decomposes at much lower pressures to yield urea and water. Because its nitrogen content is high and is readily converted to ammonia in the soil, urea is one of the most concentrated nitrogenous fertilizers. An inexpensive compound, it is incorporated in mixed fertilizers as well as being applied alone to the soil or sprayed on foliage. With formaldehyde it gives methylene-urea fertilizers, which release nitrogen slowly, continuously, and uniformly, a full year's supply being applied at one time. Although urea nitrogen is in nonprotein form, it can be utilized by ruminant animals (cattle, sheep), and a significant part of these animals' protein requirements can be met in this way. The use of urea to make urea-formaldehyde resin is second in importance only to its use as a fertilizer. Large amounts of urea are also used for the synthesis of barbiturates. Urea reacts with alcohols to form urethanes and with malonic esters to give barbituric acids. With certain straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives, urea forms crystalline inclusion compounds, which are useful for purifying the included substances.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE odorless white powder, prill, pearl, granular.
MELTING POINT

132 - 135 C
BOILING POINT Decomposes
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.32 - 1.34
SOLUBILITY IN WATER Soluble
pH Basic
VAPOR DENSITY 2.07

AUTOIGNITION

 

NFPA RATINGS

 Health: 1; Flammability: 0; Reactivity: 0

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 
FLASH POINT  
STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions

APPLICATIONS

Fertilizer, Urea-Formaldehyde, Melamine, Feed Supplement, Plastics, Drugs, Barbiturates, Hydrazine, Stabilizer of explosive, oil field, fire-proof, viscosity control, dying, paint. adhesives.

SALES SPECIFICATION

FERTILIZER GRADE

PROPERTY

UNIT

PRILLED

GRANULAR

APPEARANCE

 

White free-flowing Prilled

White free-flowing granules

TOTAL NITROGEN

wt% min

46.2

46.2

BIURET

wt% max

1.0

1.0

MOISTURE

wt% max

0.3

0.5

FREE AMMONIA

ppm max

150

160

IRON

ppm max

0.5

5

PH

20% sol.

9.50 ~ 10

 

TURBIDITY

20% sol.

1.0 ~ 5.0

 

PARTICLE
DISTRIBUTION

%

  >2.8mm

< 1

> 4.0mm

< 3

  2.8~2.0mm

20~35

2.0~4.0mm

95

  2.0~1.6mm

35~55

1.0~2.0mm

2~4

  1.6~1.4mm

10~25

<1.0mm

< 1

  1.4~1.0mm

10~15

 

 

 <1.0mm

< 1

 

 

PRICE INDICATION

 

INDUSTRIAL GRADE

APPEARANCE

 white spherical particle

UREA

99.0% min

WATER

0.5% max

pH

11 (10% sol.)

TRANSPORTATION
PACKING 25kgs, 50kgs, 1mt in Bag
HAZARD CLASS Not regulated
UN NO.  
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF FERTILIZERS
Fertilizer is a material that is added to the soil to supply one or more elements required for plant growth and productiveness.  The major three elements are nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus), the secondary elements are calcium, sulfur, magnesium, and other elements are boron, manganese, iron, zinc, copper and molybdenum. Fertilizers enhance the natural fertility of the soil or replace the chemical elements taken from the soil by harvesting, grazing, leaching or erosion. Organic fertilizers include poperly managed barnyard manure, compost and green manure. Manure contains nitrogen and phosphate content. It is sometimes modified with superphosphate to make it a better balanced fertilizer. Compost, decayed to a relatively stable, amorphous state, is made from plant materials mixed with manure and some soil. Green manure is a herbaceous plant material plowed into the soil that has not undergone decay. Artificial fertilizers are inorganic fertilizers formulated in appropriate concentrations and combinations supply three main nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (N, P and K) for various crops and growing conditions. N (nitrogen) promotes leaf growth and forms proteins and chlorophyll. P (phosphorus) contributes to root, flower and fruit development. K (potassium) contributes to stem and root growth and the synthesis of proteins. The common inorganic fertilizers include ammonia (82% nitrogen), NPK combinations, urea (46% nitrogen), superphosphate, mono and dibasic ammonium phosphates (containing nitrogen and phosphate), calcium ammonium nitrate, potassium chloride (muriate of potash).  

Fertilizer

Nutrient wt %

N

P2O5

K2O
Ammonia anhydrous 82    
Ammonia solution 20 - 25    
Ammonium Bicarbonate

15.5

 

 
Ammonium Chloride

25 -27

 

 
Ammonium Phosphate sulfate 13 - 16 20 - 39  
Ammonium Polyphosphate 10 - 11 34 - 37  
Ammonium Thiosulfate 12    
Ammonium Chloride 25 - 26    
Ammonium Nitrate 33 - 34    
Ammonium Sulfate 21    
Ammonium Sulfate Nitrate

26

 

 
Calcium Ammonium Nitrate

20 - 28

 

 
Calcium Cyanamide

20 - 21

 

 
Calcium Nitrate 15    
Diammonium Phosphate 18 - 21 46 - 54  
Dicalcium phosphate

 

35 - 52

 
Kainit

 

 

12 - 22
Monoammonium Phosphate 11 48 - 55  
Nitrogen Solution

28 - 41

 

 
Phosphate Rock

 

26 - 37

 
Potassium Chloride

 

 

60

 
Potassium Magnesium Sulfate

 

 

 
22
Potassium Nitrate 13   44 
Potassium Sulfate

 

 

 
50
Slag Basic

 

12 - 18

 

Slag Potassic

 

 

43
Superphosphate single

 

17 - 20

 
Superphosphate triple

 

44 - 48

 
Sodium Nitrate 16    
Urea Phosphate 17 43 - 44  
Urea 45    
Urea Ammonium Nitrate 28 - 32    
Urea Ammonium Phosphate 21 - 38 13-42  
Urea Sulfate 30 - 40